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What is Bipolar Disorder? Here's Everything You Need to Know
Mental Health
Sat Oct 14 2023
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that adversely affects millions of people across the globe. This chronic condition can disrupt one's everyday life, making it challenging to maintain stable relationships, employment and overall well-being. In this article, we will explore bipolar disorder, its symptoms, causes and available treatment options.
Understanding Bipolar Disorder:
Bipolar disorder is characterised by extreme shifts in mood and can be termed as a mood disorder, energy levels and activity levels. These shifts occur in episodes with each episode lasting for a specific duration. There are two main variations of bipolar disorder: bipolar I and bipolar II.
Different Types of Bipolar Disorder-:
1. Bipolar I Disorder:
Bipolar I disorder is identified by manic episodes that last for at least seven days or are severe enough to necessitate immediate medical care. Individuals with bipolar I may also experience depressive episodes that last for at least two weeks. The mood shifts in bipolar I am often drastic and disruptive to daily life.
2. Bipolar II Disorder:
Bipolar II disorder involves a pattern of depressive episodes alternating with hypomanic episodes. Hypomania is a milder form of mania characterized by increased energy euphoria and impulsivity. While hypomania may provide some benefits such as increased creativity or productivity, it can also lead to impulsive decision-making and risky behaviour.
Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder:
The symptoms experienced during depressive and manic episodes can differ significantly. Some common signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder include:
1. Depressive Episodes:
- Persistent feelings of sadness hopelessness or emptiness
- Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
- Changes in appetite and weight
- Fatigue or loss of energy
- Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
- Sleep disturbances such as insomnia or hypersomnia
- Thoughts of death or suicide
2. Manic or Hypomanic Episodes:
- Abnormally elevated mood or irritability
- Excessive energy and activity levels
- Decreased need for sleep without feeling tired
- Grandiosity or inflated self-esteem
- Racing thoughts or rapid speech
- Impulsive behaviour such as reckless spending or risky sexual encounters
- Difficulty focusing or being easily distracted
Causes of Bipolar Disorder:
The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown as yet. However, it is believed to result from a combination of genetic environmental and neurochemical factors. Some potential causes and risk factors include:
1. Genetics: Bipolar disorder may be found in different generations of families. Having a close relative with bipolar disorder can up the probability of developing the illness.
2. Chemical Imbalance: Neurotransmitters like dopamine serotonin and norepinephrine play a crucial role in regulating mood. Imbalances in these neurotransmitters may contribute to the development of bipolar disorder.
3. Environmental Factors: Life events such as trauma, severe stress or significant life changes can trigger the onset of bipolar disorder in susceptible individuals.
Treatment Options for Bipolar Disorder:
Bipolar disorder is a chronic medical condition that needs lifelong management. The following treatment approaches can help individuals achieve symptom control and lead fulfilling lives:
1. Medication: Mood stabilizers antipsychotics and antidepressants can help regulate mood swings manage symptoms and prevent future episodes.
2. Psychotherapy: Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and psychoeducation are commonly used to help individuals understand and manage their symptoms develop coping strategies and improve interpersonal relationships.
3. Lifestyle modifications: Establishing a regular sleep schedule, engaging in regular exercise, managing stress and avoiding triggers can all contribute to symptom control.
4. Support network: Building a reliable support system including family friends and support groups plays a vital role in managing bipolar disorder and reducing feelings of isolation.
Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder
For diagnosis, opt for a Brain Scan test or a Brain MRI Scan as recommended by your doctor. Get the necessary tests done before going for therapy.
Bipolar disorder is a complex mental health condition that affects millions of people globally. Identifying the symptoms and seeking appropriate medical help is crucial for effectively managing the condition. While bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition with the right treatment and support individuals can lead fulfilling lives and minimize the impact of mood episodes on their daily functioning.
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Blood Test May Signal Early Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease
Researchers from various institutions have made important progress in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease by discovering microRNAs in blood that may serve as early signs of the disease's development. This breakthrough could lead to simpler and less invasive ways to diagnose Alzheimer’s, the most common form of dementia affecting millions around the globe.
What Are MicroRNAs?
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are tiny molecules found in our blood that help regulate how genes work. They influence many biological functions, including those related to how our brain operates. Recent studies indicate that certain miRNAs can act as markers for Alzheimer’s disease, assisting in predicting its progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to full dementia.
The Importance of Early Diagnosis
Today, diagnosing Alzheimer’s often relies on complex tests and imaging techniques that can be expensive and invasive. Early detection is vital because it enables timely treatment, which may slow down the disease's progression. Not detecting Alzheimer’s early has been a significant hurdle in developing effective treatments.
Key Research Findings
In a joint effort involving several research teams, new findings were published showing that checking miRNAs in blood samples can effectively identify MCI and predict its transition to dementia. The researchers analyzed blood samples from participants in a long-term Alzheimer’s study, discovering that specific miRNA patterns align with known Alzheimer’s markers, like amyloid and tau proteins.
A senior researcher highlighted the significance of their findings, noting that unlike current markers requiring invasive methods, microRNAs could serve as non-invasive indicators of Alzheimer’s long before any symptoms appear. This opens up an essential window for early prevention or intervention strategies.
How the Test Works
The pathology test involves collecting blood samples and measuring the levels of certain miRNAs. Researchers found that specific miRNAs could reveal whether someone with MCI is at high risk of developing dementia within two years. This approach is not only less invasive but also potentially cheaper compared to traditional methods.
Future Possibilities
The potential impact of this research is enormous. If testing for microRNAs becomes standard practice, it could allow for earlier diagnoses and improved management of Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers emphasize that microRNAs are stable and can reflect intricate changes in the body. Analyzing just a few of these molecules can provide valuable insights into various biological pathways related to Alzheimer’s.
The teams are now focused on making the testing process easier for everyday clinical use. They envision a future where blood tests for specific microRNA patterns could routinely assess the risk of developing Alzheimer’s.
Conclusion
This groundbreaking research represents a significant advancement in diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease. With microRNAs showing potential as reliable early indicators, there is renewed hope for improving outcomes for those at risk of this challenging disease.
Mental Health
New Blood Biomarker May Revolutionize Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis
The world is progressing and so is healthcare. Researchers have developed a novel blood test for phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217). It is a biomarker associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This development signifies a substantial leap forward in the battle against AD by offering a potentially less expensive and less invasive method for assessing disease risk compared to conventional techniques like amyloid PET imaging. Alzheimer's being a common concern with the growing population, this new found innovation has found wide acceptance in the healthcare realm.
The p-tau217 test integrates into a comprehensive suite of services designed to facilitate early AD diagnosis. This suite encompasses testing for other blood-based biomarkers like p-tau181 and amyloid beta (AB) proteins, alongside genetic testing for Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) isoforms and traditional cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests. By furnishing healthcare providers with a broader spectrum of diagnostic tools, a more personalized approach to evaluating an individual's risk for AD can be established. This may involve analyzing a combination of factors, including a patient's family history, cognitive function, and biomarker levels.
The ability to identify individuals at risk for AD before the onset of symptoms presents immense potential. Early diagnosis helps patients to:
- Proactive planning: Understanding their risk allows individuals to make informed decisions regarding financial planning, long-term care options, and legal matters.
- Informed healthcare decisions: Early diagnosis at Manipal TRUtest enables patients to collaborate with their physicians to develop a personalized care plan that may include lifestyle modifications, cognitive therapies, and medication management.
- Potential participation in clinical trials: Early identification of at-risk individuals is important for the development and testing of novel treatments. By participating in clinical trials, patients can contribute to scientific progress and potentially gain access to promising new treatments.
This is particularly vital as research suggests that intervening in the early stages of AD may be more effective in managing the disease. Early intervention may hold the potential to slow cognitive decline, preserve patient independence, and enhance their quality of life.
The new blood test exemplifies the ongoing advancements in AD research. As researchers continue to elucidate the complexities of this disease, novel diagnostic tools and treatment options are emerging. This blood test, in conjunction with other promising avenues of investigation, offers hope for a future where AD can be effectively managed or even prevented. Researchers are actively exploring other potential blood-based biomarkers and investigating the underlying causes of AD to develop more targeted therapies.
Mental Health
10 Good Habits to Empower Women's Mental Health!
Empowering women's mental health is crucial for overall well-being and quality of life. Are you looking for tips to maintain your mental health? Here are 10 healthy habits for women that can help empower women's mental health:
1. Regular Exercise: Physical activity has been proven to have numerous benefits for mental health, including reducing anxiety and depression, improving mood, and boosting self-esteem. Exercise also helps in stress management and fosters better sleep patterns. Engage in creative activities to improve mental health for heathy living.
2. Healthy Eating: A nutritious diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can positively impact mental health. Nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals play a vital role in brain health and mood regulation. Stay Mentally & Emotionally Healthy
3. Mindfulness and Meditation: Practicing mindfulness and meditation can help women manage stress, improve focus, and enhance overall mental well-being. Mindfulness techniques promote self-awareness and emotional regulation. Maintaining a positive mental health is crucial to help create a work-life balance.
4. Adequate Sleep: Quality sleep is essential for cognitive function, emotional regulation, and overall mental health. Establishing a regular sleep routine and ensuring 7-9 hours of sleep per night can improve mood and energy levels.
5. Social Connections: Maintaining strong social relationships and support networks is crucial for mental health. Connecting with friends, family, or support groups can provide emotional support, reduce feelings of loneliness, and boost self-esteem.
6. Setting Boundaries: Learning to set healthy boundaries in personal and professional relationships is essential for women's mental health. Boundaries help in maintaining self-respect, reducing stress, and preserving emotional well-being.
7. Seeking Therapy or Counselling: Therapy can provide women with valuable tools to navigate emotional challenges, process past traumas, and develop coping strategies. Professional help can offer support and guidance in managing mental health issues.
8. Practicing Self-Care: Prioritizing self-care activities like hobbies, relaxation, and leisure time is essential for mental health. Engaging in activities that bring joy and relaxation can help reduce stress and improve overall well-being.
9. Limiting Screen Time: Excessive screen time, particularly on social media, can negatively impact mental health by contributing to feelings of inadequacy, comparison, and anxiety. Setting limits on screen time and practicing digital detox can help in maintaining mental well-being.
10. Cultivating Gratitude: Practicing gratitude by acknowledging and appreciating the positive aspects of life can improve mental health by fostering optimism, resilience, and a sense of well-being. Keeping a gratitude journal or engaging in acts of kindness can promote a positive mindset.
By incorporating these 10 good habits into their daily routines, women can empower their mental health and enhance their overall well-being.
Manipal TRUtest offers a wide range of diagnostic services with assured quality, accuracy, and trust backed by 70 years of Manipal legacy. You can easily schedule a blood test such as Diabetes profile test, HbA1c, CBC, Kidney Function Test, Lipid Profile, Liver Function Test, Vitamin Test. Thyroid Profile. through our WhatsApp Chatbot, Mobile App, or Website. We also provide the convenience of a Home Sample Collection, where a highly qualified phlebotomist will visit you in the comfort of your home.
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Sources:
Harvard Health Publishing - "Exercise is an all-natural treatment to fight depression" (https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/exercise-is-an-all-natural-treatment-to-fight-depression
- Source: National Institute of Mental Health - "Mental Health, Nutrition, and the Food-Mood Connection" (https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/mental-health-nutrition)
- Source: Harvard Health Publishing - "Mindfulness meditation may ease anxiety, mental stress" (https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/mindfulness-meditation-may-ease-anxiety-mental-stress-201401086967)
- Source: National Sleep Foundation - "How Much Sleep Do We Really Need?" (https://www.sleepfoundation.org/how-sleep-works/how-much-sleep-do-we-really-need)
American Psychological Association - "The Benefits of Social Connections and Good Mental Health" (https://www.apa.org/topics/mental-health-connections)
: Mayo Clinic - "Stress relief from laughter? It's no joke" (https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/stress-relief/art-20044456)
American Psychological Association - "Understanding Psychotherapy and How It Works" (https://www.apa.org/helpcenter/understanding-psychotherapy)
Harvard Health Publishing - "Understanding the stress response" (https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/understanding-the-stress-response)
Child Mind Institute - "How Using Social Media Affects Teenagers" (https://childmind.org/article/how-using-social-media-affects-teenagers/)
: Greater Good Magazine - "Gratitude" (https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/gratitude/definition#why_practice_it)